Explained: Why MLC elections still use paper ballots, not EVMs

Legislative Council elections use proportional representation through a single transferable vote, where voters rank candidates instead of picking one. EVMs are designed for first-past-the-post polls and cannot record ranked preferences, so paper ballots are used. In the October 23 polls for 28 MLC seats across four states, the BJP won 13 and the NDA 16 overall.